Ben Uri Research Unit

for the study and digital recording of the Jewish, Refugee and wide Immigrant contribution to British visual culture since 1900.


Meta Dachinger artist

Meta Dachinger (née Gutmann) was born into a Jewish family in Nuremberg, Germany in 1916, and studied under the painter Georg Hublitz in 1931. After Hitler came to power, in 1933 she continued her art studies, first in Switzerland then Italy, and then, around 1937–38 in London in the studio of pioneering art teacher, emigre Arthur Segal. In 1939 she relocated permanently with one of her sisters to England, where she enrolled at the University of London; following her marriage to fellow refugee, interned artist Hugo Dachinger in 1943, and the birth of their son, she continued to exhibit, including with the Ben Uri Gallery.

Born: 1916 Nuremberg, Germany

Died: 1983 London, England

Year of Migration to the UK: 1939

Other name/s: Meta Gutmann, Meta Dachinger-Gutmann, Meta Guttmann-Dachinger


Biography

Painter Meta Dachinger (née Gutmann) was born into a Jewish family in Nuremberg, Germany in 1916, studying under the painter Georg Hublitz in 1931. After Hitler came to power, in 1933 she first went to Switzerland and then to Italy, where she continued her studies at the Turin Art Academy under Giovanni Grande, producing mainly still lifes and portraits. In ca. 1937–38 she received art classes in the studio of Arthur Segal in London. In 1939 she relocated permanently with one of her sisters to England, where she enrolled at the University of London.

During the Second World War she lived for a period in Llanfairfechan, North Wales, returning to London in 1942. She became a member of the Artists’ International Association (AIA), a British and pro-Soviet association founded in 1933 which took an early interest in refugees from Germany and Austria; she also participated in the Free German League of Culture (FGLC, a left-leaning organisation supporting German-speaking refugees), contributing the painting Liverpool Evacuee to its members’ exhibition in 1942. In February 1943 her oil painting Welsh Landscape was featured in the Artists Aid Jewry Exhibition, which was organised jointly by the FGLC, Austrian Centre (AC), and Jewish Cultural Club at the Whitechapel Art Gallery in London. The same year, she married fellow refugee artist Hugo Dachinger in Hampstead, London, with Austrian émigré, and former internee, Wilhelm Hollitscher as witness. As Meta Gutman, she participated in the 1944 FGLC Exhibition of Drawings, Paintings & Sculptures by Free German Artists. Dachinger specialised in watercolours and exhibited her work in a number of Ben Uri exhibitions, including the Exhibition of Portraits by Contemporary Jewish Artists (1945) and Exhibition of Painting & Sculpture by Contemporary Jewish Artists (1946), but like many refugee women artists who had a family (she had a son, Peran Dachinger, born the year of her marriage, who later became a picture restorer and art and antiques dealer, and a daughter, Miriam, born c. 1946); Dachinger's postwar career in exile remained somewhat diminished. She sat to her husband for a number of portraits, including when pregnant and with a young child, which presented her in a range of styles from tender expressionist to semi-abstract. She also coined her husband's nickname, 'Puck', inspired by the Shakespearian character of the same name in Midsummer's Night Dream.

Meta Dachinger died in London, England in 1983. The same year, a memorial exhibition was held at Fischer Fine Art in St. James's, the London gallery established in the 1960s by Harry Fischer, a Viennese émigré art dealer, who had previously worked at Marlborough Fine Art with Frank Lloyd, and which was continued by his son Wolfgang into the early 1990s. Dachinger's work will be included in the exhibition Refugees from National Socialism in Wales to be held at the Aberystwyth Arts Centre in Autumn 2022, as a part of a larger project exploring the hidden stories of émigrés who, following the rise of National Socialism, found refuge in Wales in the 1930s and 1940s. Her work is not currently held in any UK public collections.

Related books

  • Anna Müller-Härlin, ‘Die Artists’ International Association und ‘Refugee Artists’, in Anthony Grenville and Andrea Reiter eds., ‘I didn’t want to float - I wanted to belong to something’: Refugee Organizations in Britain 1933-1945, Yearbook of the Research Centre for German and Austrian Exile Studies, Volume: 10 (Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, 2009), p. 40
  • Martin Suppan, ed., Hugo Puck Dachinger (1908-1995), Innvoationsgeist im Exil (Vienna: Galerie Suppan: 2007)
  • Manfred H Grieb, 'Dachinger, Meta', in Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon, Vol 1 (München: Saur, 2007), p. 237
  • Jutta Vinzent, 'List of Refugee Artists (Painters, Sculptors, and Graphic Artists) From Nazi Germany in Britain (1933-1945)', in Identity and Image: Refugee Artists from Nazi Germany in Britain (1933-1945) (Kromsdorf/Weimar: VDG Verlag, 2006), pp. 58, 110, 113, 171, 254, 268, 282
  • Herbert A Strauss, Biographisches Handbuch der Deutschsprachigen Emigration nach 1933, Vol 2: the Arts, Sciences, and Literature (München: Saur, 1999), p. 439
  • Frances Spalding and Judith Collins, ‘Dachinger, Meta’, 20th Century Painters and Sculptors (Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collectors' Club, imp. 1991), p. 130
  • Monica Bohm-Duchen and Zuleika Dobson, 'Meta Dachinger', in Art in Exile in Great Britain 1933-45, exhibition catalogue (London: Camden Arts Centre, 1986)
  • Anni Gutmann, Meta Dachinger (London: Fischer Fine Art, 1983)

Related organisations

  • Artists' International Association (member)
  • Free German League of Culture (exhibitor)

Related web links

Selected exhibitions

  • Jewish Artists: The Ben Uri Collection, Ben Uri Gallery (1994)
  • Jewish Artists The Ben Uri Collection, Ben Uri Gallery (1992)
  • Paintings and Sculpture from the Permanent Collection and Recent Acquisitions, Ben Uri Gallery (1989)
  • Kunst im Exil in Großbritannien 1933-1945, Schloss Charlottenburg, Berlin (1986)
  • Memorial Exhibition, Fischer Fine Art, London (July 1983)
  • Autumn Exhibition - of Paintings, Sculpture and Drawings by Contemporary Jewish Artists, Ben Uri Gallery and Museum, London (1951)
  • Exhibition of Painting & Sculpture by Contemporary Jewish Artists, Ben Uri Gallery (1946)
  • Autumn Exhibition of Paintings, Sculptures and Drawings by Contemporary Jewish Artists, Ben Uri Gallery (1945)
  • Exhibition of Portraits by Contemporary Jewish Artists, Ben Uri Gallery (1945)
  • Exhibition of Drawings, Paintings & Sculptures by Free German Artist, Free German League of Culture (1944)
  • Artists Aid Jewry Exhibition, Whitechapel Art Gallery (1943)
  • Members' Exhibition, Artists' International Association (1942)