Ben Uri Research Unit

for the study and digital recording of the Jewish, Refugee and wide Immigrant contribution to British visual culture since 1900.


Enrico Glicenstein artist

Enrico (né Henoch) Glicenstein was born into a Jewish family in Turek, then in the Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland) in 1870 and studied art in Munich, Warsaw and Rome. He lived in England in 1921–24, with Ben Uri marking his visit in 1921 and subsequently fundraising to purchase a number of his works, which were subsequently displayed in Ben Uri's inaugural exhibition in 1925. Glicenstein then returned to Italy, before immigrating to the USA in 1926.

Born: 1870 Turek, Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland)

Died: 1942 New York, USA

Year of Migration to the UK: 1921

Other name/s: Enoch Glicenstein, Henoch Glicenstein, Chanoch Glicenstein, Hendryk Glicenstein, Henryk Glicenstein, Henry Glicenstein, Professor Henekh Glicenstein


Biography

Sculptor and printmaker Enrico Glicenstein was born Henoch Glicenstein into a Jewish family in Turek, then in the Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland) on 24 May 1870, the son of a tombstone carver. Originally intended for the rabbinate, after working as a sign painter and woodcarver in Łódź, he enrolled at the Royal Bavarian Academy of Art in Munich between 1890 and 1895. After twice winning the Prix de Rome (1894 and 1897), he settled in Rome with his wife, Helen (née Hirszenberg, sister of the painters Samuel and Leon Hirszenberg), had a son (Emmanuel), and took Italian citizenship, changing his first name to Enrico. He also established a reputation in Paris, winning a silver medal in 1900, and, reportedly exhibited his bronze sculpture, Messiah (now Ben Uri Collection), alongside Rodin's work, at the latter's suggestion, in the central Rotunda of the Grand Palais in Paris. Later the same year, again upon Rodin's recommendation, Glicenstein was elected an honorary member of the Société des Beaux-Arts. Between 1906 and 1914 he exhibited regularly in Germany, and briefly headed the Warsaw School of Fine Arts sculpture department, before returning to Berlin, where he held an important retrospective exhibition that toured to key German cities between 1912 and 1913.

Afterwards, the family lived in Switzerland (1918–20), before settling in London in 1921–24 (where he was also known as Henryk or Henry Glicenstein). Among his London pupils was printmaker Sybil Andrews (afterwards, closely associated, from 1925, with the Grosvenor School of Modern Art). Ben Uri's early minutes (in Yiddish) record that a huge event was organised to mark Glicenstein's arrival in England, and that the Society subsequently fundraised to buy several of his works, including Messiah, which was purchased in two instalments, and his sculpture of Israel Zangwill, afterwards displayed in Ben Uri's inaugural exhibition in 1925; works were also loaned to the important Jewish Art and Antiquities exhibition at the Whitechapel Art Gallery in 1927. Glicenstein's work was also exhibited at The International Society of Sculptors, Painters and Gravers Exhibition at the Manchester Art Gallery in 1905, at the Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts in 1924, and three times at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition between 1923 and 1925.

He returned to Italy in 1925, held solo exhibitions in Rome and Venice (1925–28) and exhibited at the Venice Biennale (1926) but had to leave the same year, after refusing to join the Fascist Party, and moved permanently to the USA with his son, Emanuel, settling in New York; they were joined by his wife and daughter in 1935. Enrico Glicenstein died in New York, on 30 December 1942, after being struck by a cab. His son, Emanuel Glicenstein became a noted painter (under the name Emanuel Romano) settling in Safed, Israel, where the Glicenstein Museum (now the Israel Bible Museum) was later established. Enrico Glicenstein's works are in international collections, including the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris and the Pompidou Centre in France, the Israel Museum, the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna in Rome, the Krakow and the Warsaw National Museum, the Brooklyn Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and Cleveland Public Library. A selection of Glicenstein's papers are in the Smithsonian Archive.

Related books

  • Charlotte Sholod and Tamara Sztyma, Life and Work of Enrico Glicenstein (Stockbridge, Massachusetts: Hard Press Editions, 2014)
  • Tamara Sztyma-Knasiecka, Syn swojego Ludu: twórczość Henryka Glicensteina 1870–1942 [The Son of His People: The Oeuvre of Henryk Glicenstein 1870–1942] (Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Neriton, 2008)
  • Glicenstein: Sculpture, Drawings (New York: Chapellier Galleries, 1964)
  • Alfred Werner, Glicenstein (Tel Aviv: Massadah, 1963)
  • Glicenstein: Sculpture and Drawings (New York: James Graham & Sons, 1959)
  • Jean Cassou, Glicenstein (New York: Crown Publishers, 1958)
  • Emanuele Romano, 'Ricordo dello scultore Enoch (Enrico) Glicenstein' [In Memory of Sculptor Enoch (Enrico) Glicenstein], La Rassegna Mensile di Israel, Vol. 19, No. 9, 1953, pp. 391-397
  • André Chamson, Glicenstein (Paris: Musée du Petit Palais, 1948)
  • Jean Cassou, Glicenstein. Sculptures (Paris: Editions du Chêne, 1948)
  • Francesco Orestano, Enrico Glicenstein e la sua arte [Enrico Glicenstein and His Art] (Roma: Optima, 1926)
  • Kineton Parkes, 'Direct Dry-Point Portraiture with Illustrations by Henry Glicenstein', Drawing and Design, Vol. 3, No. 6, June 1922, pp. 39-41

Public collections

Related organisations

  • Prix de Rome (recipient)
  • Société des Beaux-Arts (honorary member)
  • Warsaw School of Fine Arts (professor)

Related web links

Selected exhibitions

  • Outlook: No Return. Polish Artists Who Fled Nazi-Dominated Europe to British Culture, POSK, London (2019)
  • Ben Uri Highlights: Key Works and Figures, Ben Uri Art Society (1990)
  • Glicenstein: Sculpture, Drawings, Chapellier Galleries, New York (1964)
  • Glicenstein: Sculpture and Drawings, James Graham & Sons, New York (1959)
  • Glicenstein, Musée du Petit Palais, Paris (1948)
  • Ben Uri Collection of Paintings, Sculpture & Drawings, Ben Uri Art Gallery (1946)
  • Metropolitan Museum, New York (1942)
  • Brooklyn Museum, New York (1938)
  • Israel Zangwill Memorial Exhibition, Ben Uri Jewish Art Gallery (1935)
  • Exhibition of Paintings and Sculpture by Jewish Artists, Ben Uri Jewish Art Gallery (1934)
  • Knoedler Gallery, Chicago (1933)
  • Arts Institute of Chicago (1929)
  • Brooklyn Museum, New York (1928)
  • Jewish Art and Antiquities, Whitechapel Gallery, London (1927)
  • XV Venice Biennale (solo exhibition) (1926)
  • Official Opening at Great Russell Street, Ben-Uri Jewish Art Society Gallery and Club (1925)
  • Royal Academy Summer Exhibition (1923 and 1925)
  • Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts Exhibition (1924)
  • British Museum, London (1923)
  • Terza esposizione Internazionale d'Arte 'della Secessione', Rome (1915)
  • Seconda Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte 'della Secessione', Rome (1914)
  • Heinemann Gallery, Munich (1913)
  • Vladimir Izdebsky's Salons of International Paintings, Sculpture, Prints and Drawings, Kiev, St Petersburg and Riga (1910)
  • Paul Cassirer, Berlin (1909)
  • Russian Library and Reading Room named after N. V. Gogol, Rome (1906)
  • The International Society of Sculptors, Painters and Gravers Exhibition, Manchester Art Gallery (1905)