Ben Uri Research Unit

for the study and digital recording of the Jewish, Refugee and wide Immigrant contribution to British visual culture since 1900.


Mark Wayner artist

Mark Wayner was born into a Jewish family in Łomża (Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire, now Poland) in 1888 and immigrated to London with his parents, who moved in hope of finding better work, in 1893. He studied at both the Craft School (affiliated with the Royal College of Art) and the Slade School of Fine Art, with the support of the charity, the Jewish Education Aid Society (JEAS), before embarking on a successful career as a caricaturist. Wayner was a member of the retrospectively named ‘Whitechapel Boys’, the group of Anglo-Jewish artists associated with London's East End, and was an early member of the Ben Uri Art Society.

Born: 1888 Łomża, Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland)

Died: 1980 Saffron Walden, Essex, England

Year of Migration to the UK: 1893

Other name/s: Mark Weiner


Biography

Caricaturist Mark Wayner (né Weiner) was born into a Jewish family in Łomża, Congress Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland) in 1888. Wayner immigrated to London with his parents in 1893, part of a large wave of Eastern European Jews who fled the Russian Pale of Settlement at the end of the 19th century to escape poverty and rising tensions caused by pogroms; they settled in the Jewish quarter of London's East End. Wayner's early flair for drawing led to an apprenticeship, followed by formal studies at the Craft School (affiliated with the Royal College of Art) and the Slade School of Fine Art, alongside his childhood friend Mark Gertler, and other 'Whitechapel Boys' including David Bomberg and Isaac Rosenberg. Like them, he benefitted from a Jewish Education Aid Society grant supporting his Slade attendance but Wayner’s studies there were brief (1909–10) as his grant was withdrawn due to poor attendance. In May 1914 his work was included within the so-called 'Jewish Section', co-curated by Bomberg and Jacob Epstein in the groundbreaking show, Twentieth Century Art: a Review of Modern Movements, at the Whitechapel Art Gallery. Wayner was also an early member of the Ben Uri Art Society. In 1916 the Jewish Chronicle reported that 'The work of the well-known young Jewish artist, Mark Wayner, is attracting attention across the ocean. In its issue of the 12th of May, the Hebrew Standard, of New York, printed a long biographical sketch and photograph of Mr. Wayner. He is now producing a number of interesting and striking caricatures, among them many dealing with Jewish celebrities, under the title of 'Caricajews'. The art monthly, Colour, is printing two of these in its next issue' (Jewish Chronicle, 16 June 1916, p. 22). Wayner drew the cover image for the programme for the Strand Theatre's benefit production of The Jew by Richard Cumberland, in May 1917, supporting Jewish victims of the war in Russia.

By 1917 Wayner was regularly exhibiting his caricatures, the Jewish Chronicle observing: 'Wayner, who is a typical child of the Ghetto, has a style that reminds me of E. M. Lilien. He has an inordinate fondness for massed blacks, but knows full well how to use them effectively' (Jewish Chronicle 12 October 1917, p. 19.) Wayner's work featured in multiple exhibitions at Ben Uri. In 1931 and around 1940 he produced two volumes of lithographs entitled Celebrities in Culture in which he portrayed many notables of the day in his signature witty style, including politicians, Sir Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt and Lloyd George. In 1950 the exhibition Cartoons and Caricatures at Ben Uri presented Wayner’s portraits of musician, Larry Adler (c. 1940) and conductor, Sir Thomas Beecham (1930) among others, alongside works by other contemporary Jewish caricaturists and cartoonists, including Joss, Ross, Ralph Sallon, Walter Trier, Vicky and Victoria. Wayner also designed posters and Christmas cards for the firm, Raphael Tuck, recalling 'I didn't like to do it, but I wanted to live' ('The Quiet Savage', Jewish Chronicle, 21 May 1971, p. 14.) The article continued: 'As a student he lived behind Petticoat Lane and painted the herring-sellers and other market traders. 'But I was versatile," he said. 'I did gipsies as well. I changed my style [...] I was able to paint anything — goyim. or yidden'. Wayner also exhibited with the Whitechapel's East End Academy during the 1930s. In 1936, he created miniature paintings for a series of eight day clocks presented to Selfridges department store in London (Jewish Chronicle, 20 November 1936, p. 48); in 1937 the paper recorded his opening a commercial studio in London EC4 (25 June, 1937, p. 41). In the 1950s he showed with the Sheffield Society of Artists.

Mark Wayner died in Saffron Walden, Essex, England in 1980. His works is held in UK public collections including the Ben Uri Collection and the National Portrait Gallery.

Related books

  • Rachel Dickson, ed., From Adler to Zulawski: A Century of Polish Artists in Britain (London: Ben Uri Gallery and Museum, 2017)
  • Sarah MacDougall and Rachel Dickson, Whitechapel at War (London: Ben Uri Gallery, 2008)
  • Rachel Dickson and Sarah MacDougall, 'The Whitechapel Boys' in Jewish Quarterly, Volume 51, Issue 3, 2004
  • Sarah MacDougall, Mark Gertler (London: John Murray, 2002), pp. 34, 35
  • Walter Schwab and Julia Weiner, eds., Jewish Artists: the Ben Uri Collection - Paintings, Drawings, Prints and Sculpture (London: Ben Uri Art Society in association with Lund Humphries Publishers Ltd, 1994), p. 105
  • Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, 15 February 1980, p. 15
  • 'The Quiet Savage', Jewish Chronicle, 21 May 1971, p. 14
  • Mark Wayner, Celebrities in Caricature (publisher unknown, 1940)
  • Mark Wayner, Celebrities in Caricature (publisher unknown, 1931)
  • Children of the Ghetto, Jewish Chronicle, 12 October 1917, p. 19

Public collections

Related organisations

  • Royal College of Art (student)
  • Sheffield Society of Artists (member)
  • Slade School of Fine Art (student)
  • Whitechapel Art Gallery (exhibitor)

Related web links

Selected exhibitions

  • Mark Gertler: Paintings from the Luke Gertler Bequest & Selected Important UK Collections, Ben Uri Gallery and Museum (2019)
  • From Adler to Zulawski: A Century of Polish Artists in Britain, Ben Uri Gallery and Museum (2017)
  • Arts in Harmony: An Art Gallery's Musical Heritage, Ben Uri Gallery in partnership with the Royal College of Music (2015)
  • Whitechapel at War: Isaac Rosenberg and his Circle, Ben Uri Gallery and Museum (2008)
  • Jewish Artists The Ben Uri Collection, Ben Uri Art Society (1994)
  • Ben Uri Highlights Key Works and Figures 1915–1990, Ben Uri Art Society (1990)
  • Annual Exhibition, Ben Uri Art Gallery (1958, 1969)
  • Festival of the Arts, Sheffield (1963)
  • Tercentenary Exhibition, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield (1956)
  • Sheffield Society of Artists, Graves Art Gallery (1955, 1953, 1951)
  • Exhibition of Cartoons and Caricatures, Ben Uri Art Gallery (1950)
  • East End Academy, Whitechapel Art gallery (1934)
  • Official opening of the Ben-Uri Gallery, Ben Uri Jewish Art Society (1925)
  • Exhibition at the Chinese Restaurant, 107 Regent Street, London (1917)
  • Twentieth-Century Art: A Review of Modern Movements, The Whitechapel Gallery (1914)