Ben Uri Research Unit

for the study and digital recording of the Jewish, Refugee and wide Immigrant contribution to British visual culture since 1900.


Mumtaz Karimjee photographer

Mumtaz Karimjee was born in Bombay (now Mumbai), India in 1950. She grew up in Tanganyika (now Tanzania) and moved to England at the age of 11, later studying Modern Languages as a mature student. Without formal training, she made considerable contributions to photography in the 1980s–90s, exploring themes of racial, gender and sexual identity.

Born: 1950 Bombay, India

Year of Migration to the UK: 1962


Biography

Photographer, curator and writer, Mumtaz Karimjee was born in Bombay (now Mumbai), India in 1950. She grew up in Tanganyika (now Tanzania), and, after the country gained independence from the British Empire, moved to the UK with her family circa 1962 at the age of 11. She completed her O Levels in Sussex and attended secretarial college in London and then worked, before returning to higher education as a mature student. She completed her BA (Hons) in Modern Languages (Chinese and German) at the Polytechnic of Central London between 1976 and 1982. While doing a course on China at the Polytechnic she made extended field-trips abroad, studying at Beijing University (1978–9) and then Nanjin University (1980–1). While there she used a camera to record what she observed, and produced two important bodies of work, one documenting women in contemporary Chinese society, and the other exploring the poetic as a mode of contestation. For instance, Women in China 1949-1985, her essay combining image and text, showed the ways in which women were central to Chinese society (Correia, SADAA; Gupta, 1996).

After completing her studies, Karimjee worked towards establishing herself as a photographer. The ‘critical moment’ which she identified in her career was 1983, when she was included in the exhibition Black Women Time Now at the Battersea Arts Centre, London, curated by Lubaina Himid. At that time, Black women artists had very little exposure and were often excluded from critical conversations in the visual arts (Correia, SADAA). The exhibition signalled a change in this regard for Karimjee, and she continued to exhibit in subsequent group shows that allowed her to align herself to feminist artists of colour, such as Jagrati: Asian Women Artists at Greenwich Citizen Gallery, Woolwich in 1986. At the same time, she contributed to the magazine, Mukti, produced by a collective of diasporic South Asian women who aimed to voice the concerns of a broad female community in Britain and to challenge the objectifying imagery of Black and South Asian women in the popular media of the time. Karimjee also wrote articles for Ten:8, a photography magazine based in Birmingham, between 1979 and 1992.

Alongside writing and group exhibitions, throughout the latter half of the 1980s Karimjee began organising exhibitions and holding solo shows that explored her own identity. In 1986, with Amina Patel, Manjula Mukherjee and Vibha Osbon, Karimjee organised the exhibition Aurat Shakti at the Cockpit Gallery, London, and touring. She also curated Four Indian Women Photographers, the first of its kind in the UK, at Horizon Gallery and coordinated the Spectrum Women’s Photography Festival at Sisterwrite Gallery, both held in London between 1987–88. Her series My Mothers My Sisters, comprised of black and white documentary images of women and girls taken during a trip to India and funded by the Women’s Solidarity Fund, was exhibited at the Sisterwrite Gallery festival, as well as in the 1989 touring exhibition Fabled Territories: New Asian Photography in Britain at City Art Gallery, Leeds. Interconnecting with this project, her series In Search of an Image sought to reflect her own sexuality and lesbian identity, and address both colonial British and South Asian attitudes towards lesbianism (Correia, SADAA; Karimjee, 1991).Discussing this series, Sunil Gupta reflected that ‘Karimjee’s work is a brave attempt to reclaim a space for herself, caught as we are in a climate of blame and the instant threat of excommunication from the culture/race. As the first published piece of ‘out’ lesbian work by a Muslim woman in this country it is historic’ (Gupta, 1996).

Karimjee’s last major artwork was Labismina: A Survivor of Child Sexual Abuse Returns from the Underworld (1992), commissioned by Autograph, the Association of Black Photographers (ABP), for inclusion in the exhibition, Mis(sed) Representations, which toured the Cave Arts Centre, Birmingham and Bluecoat Gallery, Liverpool in 1992. Labismina combined songs, paintings, shadow puppetry, photographic self-portraiture, poetry, and text, drawing on ancient myths, colonial histories of violence, survivors’ testimony and contemporary scholarship, in order to address child abuse from the child’s perspective. Throughout, a narrator asserts their identity ‘as a Black survivor’ (Correia, SADAA; Karimjee and River, 1992). In the late 1990s, Karimjee moved from London to Liverpool (where she lives today), after which she became unwell. Since then, she has claimed, it has not been possible to create art in the same way, also hindered by changing political contexts and lack of access to funding (SADAA Interview). Her work is not currently represented in the UK public domain

Related books

  • Alice Correia ed., 'Mumtaz Karimjee: 'Black and Asian: Definitions and Redefinitions', 1987', in What is Black Art? (London: Penguin, 2022), ch. 23
  • Franklin H. Williams ed., Transforming the Crown: African, Asian & Caribbean Artists in Britain, 1966-1996 (New York: Caribbean Cultural Centre/African Diaspora Institute, 1997)
  • Sunil Gupta, 'Culture Wars: Race and Queer Art', in Peter Home and Reina Lewis eds., Outlooks: Lesbian and Gay Sexualities and Visual Cultures (London and New York: Routledge, 1996), pp. 170-178
  • Mumtaz Karimjee with Lindsay River, 'Labismina', Bazaar, No. 22, Autumn 1992, p. 6
  • Mumtaz Karimjee and Amina Patel, 'Aurat Shakti', Ten:8 The Critical Decade: Black British Photography in the 80s, Vol. 2, No. 3, Spring 1992, pp. 146-147
  • Mumtaz Karimjee, 'In Search of an Image', Trouble & Strife: The Radical Feminist Magazine, Iss. 20, Spring 1991, pp. 22-27
  • Mumtaz Karimjee, 'Statement', in Fabled Territories: New Asian Photography in Britain (Leeds: Leeds City Art Gallery, 1991), p. 45
  • Tessa Boffin and Jean Frasier eds., Stolen Glances: Lesbians Take Photographs (London: Pandora Press, 1991)
  • Sunil Gupta, 'Photography, Sexuality and Cultural Difference: The Emergence of Black Lesbian and Gay Identities in the UK', SF Camerawork Quarterly, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1990, pp. 19-26
  • Rachel Cox and Sylvia Parker, 'Two Recent Exhibitions by Asian Women', FAN: Feminist Art News, Vol. 2, No. 9, 1989, p. 15
  • Mumtaz Karimjee, 'Artist's Pages', Ten:8, No. 32, Spring 1989, pp. 30-31
  • Anon., 'My Mothers, My Sisters, Myself', ArtRage, No. 22-23, Winter 1988, pp. 16-17

Related organisations

  • Mukti Collective (Member)
  • Polytechnic of Central London (Student)

Related web links

Selected exhibitions

  • Mis(sed) Representations, Cave Arts Centre, Birmingham and Bluecoat Gallery, Liverpool (1992)
  • Fine Material for a Dream, Harris Museum and Art Gallery, Preston (1992)
  • Stolen Glances, Stills Gallery, Edinburgh and Cambridge Darkroom, Cambridge (1991)
  • Autoportraits, Camerawork, London (1990)
  • In Focus, Horizon Gallery, London (1990)
  • Fabled Territories: New Asian Photography in Britain, City Art Gallery, Leeds (1989)
  • My Mothers, My Sisters, Myself, Spectrum Women's Photography Festival, Sisterwrite Gallery, London (1988)
  • Polareyes: Black Women Photographers, Camden Arts Centre, London (1987)
  • Jagrati: Asian Women Artists, Greenwich Citizen Gallery, Woolwich (1986)
  • Reflections of the Black Experience, Brixton Art Gallery, London (1986)
  • Notes from the City of the Sun, Tricycle Theatre Gallery, Kilburn (1985)
  • Black Women Time Now, Battersea Arts Centre, London (1983)